Harmful Effects of the Atkins Diet Essay -- Exploratory Essays Researc

Harmful Effects of the Atkins DietIt is safe to say that the Atkins Diet is non as harmless as e preciseone would like to think. Originally, the disadvantages were not taken into account because desperate victualsers were interested in partaking in a seemingly easy way to lose weight. However, plenty of contradict side set up have been shown to support the fact that the Atkins plan is more harmful than people realized. These negative side effects range from headaches and dizziness, to the more severe reactions consisting of kidney and heart problems. These negative effects are caused primarily by a lack of carbohydrates in the clay, which results in an increase of ketones, or poisonous chemicals. And, as it turns out, many organizations including The American nervus Association, support the fact that these effects do drop dead after following the Atkins dieting plan. The American Heart Association, specifically, has said that the decreased intake of carbohydrates and an i ncreased use of proteins and fatty foods does not conform to their dietary guidelines and can lead to seriously negative results and health risks. The less severe disadvantages surrounding the diet consist of sensual weakness, low energy level, slower reaction times, headaches, and dehydration. These less dangerous, yet clearly relevant reactions are due to the elimination of carbohydrates from the diet. Blood sugar levels become very low when carbohydrates are not ingested, causing physical pain and weakness as well as a slower reaction time. Headaches also occur as a natural response mechanism that act as signals for the luggage compartment that carbohydrates are needed in order to prevent further problems. Moreover, when the body breaks down stored fats t... ...eats and creams sounds, it undoubtedly raises health risks involving the heart. Without a doubt, the Atkins diet causes health problems. Be it mild or severe effects, the problems and risks are there. It is difficult to believe that a diet where cream, butter, mayonnaise red meats, and numerous other fatty foods are unlimited could actually be healthy and result in positive weight loss. Ridding the body of obviously healthy foods such as complex carbohydrates can only lead to negative side effects for the dieter. While dieters have the advantage of choosing a plan that is best for them, these serious health risks are something that should be taken into account. In the end, it is a healthy, well balanced diet, consisting of a good amount of purpose that is the key to a healthy lifestyle no matter which way you slice it.

Charles Augustin Coulomb :: biographies biography bio

Missing Figures and ImagesDuring the life of Charles Augustin nose candy, he would play important roles in the developments in physics, engineer, and experimental instruments. degree Celsius was born in 1736 in the Languedoc part of France, but spent much of his early life in Paris and Montpellier. In 1760, at the age of 24 he was accepted into Ecole du Genie, an army engineering school in France. Once he was completed with school, he was origin deployed to Brest as a military engineer. In 1764 he was sent to Martinique in the west Indies. There he was put in charge of building the new Fort Bourbon to attempt to make the island more secure. While in the West Indies, Coulomb would demonstrate his engineering skills and technical knowledge which he would later recall in his memoirs. The weather of Martinique was not hospitable to Coulomb, with him being ill much of his whirl of duty. After nine years he was forced to return to France because these health issues. Upon returning to France Coulomb would take an affair in the recent inquiry concerning electricity. Which would eventually lead to the development of the torsion balance and the discovery of the relation which would become cognise as Coulombs Law. When Coulomb began his research into electric force (which would become known as Coulombs integrity), Newtons law of universal gravitation had already discovered. As it would turn out electrical forces would parallel Newtons discovery in many ways. With both Coulombs law and Newtons law of universal gravitation being proportional to inverse squared relationships. Coulombs work would become one of the first cases where electric charge was measured three-figurely. In the 1740s electricity was beginning to become well know. By the 1750s, Benjamin Franklins had shown that lightning was an electrical phenomenon thereby proving that that electricity did exist in nature. Franklins work became an inspiration to others and spawned researc h into the field of operations of electricity and measurement of it.Instruments which could indicate electricity had existed since the 1730s, however these tools did not approach real qualitative measurements. John accommodate introduced an improved electrical indicator in 1753. Others such as Tiberius Cavallo of Italy concentrated their efforts atmospheric electricity, producing tools which could indicate the presence of electricity, but were a long way from quantitative measurements.Charles Augustin Coulomb biographies biography bioMissing Figures and ImagesDuring the life of Charles Augustin Coulomb, he would play important roles in the developments in physics, engineering, and experimental instruments. Coulomb was born in 1736 in the Languedoc region of France, but spent much of his early life in Paris and Montpellier. In 1760, at the age of 24 he was accepted into Ecole du Genie, an army engineering school in France. Once he was completed with school, he was first dep loyed to Brest as a military engineer. In 1764 he was sent to Martinique in the West Indies. There he was put in charge of building the new Fort Bourbon to attempt to make the island more secure. While in the West Indies, Coulomb would demonstrate his engineering skills and technical knowledge which he would later recall in his memoirs. The weather of Martinique was not hospitable to Coulomb, with him being ill much of his tour of duty. After nine years he was forced to return to France because these health issues. Upon returning to France Coulomb would take an interest in the recent research concerning electricity. Which would eventually lead to the development of the torsion balance and the discovery of the relation which would become known as Coulombs Law. When Coulomb began his research into electric force (which would become known as Coulombs law), Newtons law of universal gravitation had already discovered. As it would turn out electrical forces would parallel Newto ns discovery in many ways. With both Coulombs law and Newtons law of universal gravitation being proportional to inverse squared relationships. Coulombs work would become one of the first cases where electric charge was measured quantitatively. In the 1740s electricity was beginning to become well know. By the 1750s, Benjamin Franklins had shown that lightning was an electrical phenomenon thereby proving that that electricity did exist in nature. Franklins work became an inspiration to others and spawned research into the study of electricity and measurement of it.Instruments which could indicate electricity had existed since the 1730s, however these tools did not approach real qualitative measurements. John Canton introduced an improved electrical indicator in 1753. Others such as Tiberius Cavallo of Italy concentrated their efforts atmospheric electricity, producing tools which could indicate the presence of electricity, but were a long way from quantitative measurements.

Professionalism In The Health Field Essay -- essays research papers He

Professionalism is an adherence to a set of values comprising both a formally agreed-upon code of conduct and the informal expectations of colleagues, clients and society. The headstone values include acting in a patients interest, responsiveness to the health needs of society, maintaining the highest standards of excellence in the practice of medicine and in the generation and dissemination of knowledge. In addition to medical knowledge and skills, medical professionals should present psychosocial and humanistic qualities such as caring, empathy, humility and compassion, as well as social indebtedness and sensitivity to peoples culture and beliefs. All these qualities are expected of members of highly trained professions. There are many attributes that contribute to being professional. The many that stick protrude in my mind are responsibility and accountability, leadership, honor and integrity, respect, and caring compassion and communication. All of these attributes pertain t o the professional work environment in the own fundamental way. When you are a professional you need to have responsibility and accountability. This means you have to demonstrate awareness of your own limitations, and identify developmental needs and approaches for improvements. You guardianship for yourself appropriately and you present yourself in an appropriate manner (demeanor, dress, and hygiene). You recognize and report errors and poor behavior in peers. You have to take responsibility for appropriate dispense o...

We were kids… :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

We were kids High school. A safe abode free from the anger and hatred that rise up from the streets of every city weve ever known. This place where smiles trickle in the half glow of routine. This place where, almost assured of treasons guilt one hides their anguish in desperate, fearful anticipation of secret forays with whispered confessions. We were kids when we came. I was a kid when I came. I had tasted most small trickle of life and became certain of just about things myself. I clung to an identity afraid I might be seen as a child who didnt know. I wasnt active to listen and still Im not. non to those who do not cherish diversity. not to those who post the same agenda on every face but for a different Ivy League university. Not to those who with their power, their judgement squeeze from me, my desires and dreams. Not to those who stifle my screams of pain and rage in the belief that world peace can only achieved through some power of frozen grinned, sweaty rolled up, button down cotton shirt diplomacy instead of a whole lot of healing. Do you hear me in this repose You gotta know what needs to be healed so, cry out, CRY OUT . . . Someone did that once, this guy who hated much(prenominal) and was angry more than anyone Id ever met (even more angry than my older brother), it was last year and he only went nuts for just that one night and besides he was really drunk. It took a some days for the bewildered rumours to hit me and the guy was my roommate, the bravest guy Ive ever met. We were kids when we came and as kids we grow up, we fall down, we make mistakes, we even make believe. As kids moving into the heterogeneous intrigue of sick societies with a multitude of roads, paths, back alleyways and even underground shopping concourses we sometimes get confused, lost and uncertain. Decisions loom and our futures are relegated to the dull strike of role models whose paths we may hope to follow. But what once worked, what once we valued, may no w have fallen from our esteem. Relevancy is ever changing and roads omit in crumbling empires, traffic flows change and as we wait to cross the road we find cars more reluctant to stop and a couple of(prenominal)er and fewer people ca-ca to join us at the sidewalks edge.We were kids Personal Narrative Essay Example We were kids High school. A safe abode free from the anger and hatred that come up from the streets of every city weve ever known. This place where smiles trickle in the half glow of routine. This place where, almost assured of treasons guilt one hides their anguish in desperate, fearful anticipation of secret forays with whispered confessions. We were kids when we came. I was a kid when I came. I had tasted some small trickle of life and became certain of some things myself. I clung to an identity afraid I might be seen as a child who didnt know. I wasnt ready to listen and still Im not. Not to those who do not cherish diversity. Not to those who post the same a genda on every face but for a different Ivy League university. Not to those who with their power, their judgement squeeze from me, my desires and dreams. Not to those who stifle my screams of pain and rage in the belief that world peace can only achieved through some exponent of frozen grinned, sweaty rolled up, button down cotton shirt diplomacy instead of a whole lot of healing. Do you hear me in this privacy You gotta know what needs to be healed so, cry out, CRY OUT . . . Someone did that once, this guy who hated more and was angry more than anyone Id ever met (even more angry than my older brother), it was last year and he only went nuts for just that one night and besides he was really drunk. It took a few days for the bewildered rumours to hit me and the guy was my roommate, the bravest guy Ive ever met. We were kids when we came and as kids we grow up, we fall down, we make mistakes, we even make believe. As kids moving into the heterogeneous intrigue of sick societies w ith a multitude of roads, paths, back alleyways and even underground shopping concourses we sometimes get confused, lost and uncertain. Decisions loom and our futures are relegated to the dull reflect of role models whose paths we may hope to follow. But what once worked, what once we valued, may now have fallen from our esteem. Relevancy is ever changing and roads sink in crumbling empires, traffic flows change and as we wait to cross the road we find cars more reluctant to stop and fewer and fewer people ready to join us at the sidewalks edge.

Fear in Macbeth :: essays research papers

No FearFear motivates many people to act upon matters, right or wrong. This emotion has been primal in many events in both works of literature, and in the real world. It has forced military geniuses into retreat, and influenced them to plan another method of attack. Fear can be both a positive and a negative acting force in champions life, a quality that can motivate one to success as well as to downfall.In the play Macbeth fear was a major motivating factor in characters actions. Macbeth was terrific of being caught and having to pay for the wrongs he had done this led to the murders that followed he killed King Duncan. Macbeths actions were also partially driven by fear of the witches last prophecy, about the cable of tycoons spawning from Banquo. He was afraid this would come true attempted to prevent it from happening. Lady Macbeth was also plagued by fear as made app arent by the unvarying washing of her hands while sleepwalking and her speech during her troublesome slee p. Her fulfillment by the direst cruelty and pure evil has worn off, leaving her somewhat of a basket case, ridden by fear and guilt as a result of her actions. After Macbeth kills Duncan, he is too scared to even carry the daggers back into the kings chamber. When the kings body is discovered, he kills the two guards that were in Duncans room, and places the blame for the murderous deed upon them. His fear forces him to act this way in order to make him seem innocent. Macbeths fear of being caught acts as an indicator of his guilt however at first none of the other characters are able to realize this. As Lady Macbeth becomes consumed by fear and guilt, she is slowly losing her sanity. This is a result of her not being able to handle what she has done to Duncan. In one scene, Lady Macbeth is trying to wash out what she sees as being blood on her hands, even though she is sleepwalking, though the doctor and woman in the room dare not blame her for anything, for fear of being accused and executed for treason. At the start, Lady Macbeth was pushing the fearful Macbeth to kill Duncan. Now, late in the play, their roles have reversed, and it is Lady Macbeth who is fearful, not her husband.

Fear in Macbeth :: essays research papers

No FearFear motivates many people to act upon matters, right or wrong. This emotion has been important in many events in both works of literature, and in the real world. It has forced military geniuses into retreat, and influenced them to plan a nonher method of attack. Fear can be both a substantiative and a negative acting force in ones life, a quality that can motivate one to success as hale as to downfall.In the play Macbeth guardianship was a major motivating factor in characters actions. Macbeth was fearful of being caught and having to pay for the wrongs he had done this led to the murders that followed he killed King Duncan. Macbeths actions were also partially driven by fear of the witches last prophecy, about the line of kings spawning from Banquo. He was afraid this would progress true attempted to prevent it from happening. Lady Macbeth was also plagued by fear as made apparent by the constant washing of her hands darn sleepwalking and her speech during her troubles ome sleep. Her fulfillment by the direst cruelty and pure evil has worn off, leaving her somewhat of a basket case, ridden by fear and guilt as a result of her actions. After Macbeth kills Duncan, he is too scared to even carry the daggers back into the kings chamber. When the kings body is discovered, he kills the two guards that were in Duncans room, and places the blame for the murderous deed upon them. His fear forces him to act this way in order to make him reckon innocent. Macbeths fear of being caught acts as an indicator of his guilt however at first none of the other characters are able to realize this. As Lady Macbeth becomes consumed by fear and guilt, she is slowly losing her sanity. This is a result of her not being able to handle what she has done to Duncan. In one scene, Lady Macbeth is toilsome to wash out what she sees as being blood on her hands, even though she is sleepwalking, though the doctor and woman in the room dare not blame her for anything, for fear of being accused and executed for treason. At the start, Lady Macbeth was pushing the fearful Macbeth to kill Duncan. Now, late in the play, their roles have reversed, and it is Lady Macbeth who is fearful, not her husband.

Financial Statements and Stakeholders

Introduction In this report six different users of monetary statements pull up stakes be identified. Each user group depart be described and the reasons why they use financial statements pull up stakes be examined. Analysis and calculations of pertinent and specific financial information go forth be performed to reflect the murder of the association, and how this is seen by the different stakeholder groups.The ii companies I have chosen are J.Sainsbury plc and WM Morrisons Supermarkets plc, hereafter known as Sainsburys and Morrisons. This is because these two companies are two which have a large number of stakeholders who will be affected by the comp any(prenominal)s financial statements. Sainsburys and Morrisons in any case repugn indoors the equal sector and hence the financial statements and companies are obviously comparable, this will help with benchmarking to analyse the data .(Mclaney and Atril.2008). This will help to de margeine, along with the relevant analy sis and calculations, which stakeholders will be more rejoicing with the financial statements out of the two supermarkets. As of May 2014, Morrisons had 11% of the market, and Sainsburys 16.6% (Garner.2014).The financial statements we will be assessing are income statements and balance sheets. These are the two statements which are of greatest importance to the majority of stakeholders. I have attained the most recent financial statements from the two companies from their recent annual reports. This report will use financial balances to assess the profitability, efficiency, Liquidity, fiscal Gearing and Investment potential within Morrisons and Sainsburys.(Mclaney and Atril.2008.). Boards of Directors The owners and boards of directors of some(prenominal) Sainsburys and Morrisons would use financial statements to review the performance of management and assess the oerall performance of the company. For the smooth operation of the organisation, the managers and owners also need th e financial reports to make essential business decisions. For example the occurrent debt to equity ratio is classic in deciding the amount of long term capital that would be required to be raised for making certain business decisions.This keister be determined by using the following formula. numerate liabilities Total assetsx 100%Sainsburys (?m)Morrisons (?m) 10535 16540 x 100% =63.7% 6037 10792x 100%= 55.9%As mess be seen Sainsburys debt to equity ratio is 63.7% with Morrisons at 55.9%, a difference of 7.8%. This ratio is one of the key set of 10 identified by Laurent (2006) in existence able to calculate a firms performance. This thus means that they are financing their growth more by debt than they are by their current assets than Morrisons. tho this is not necessarily a bountiful thing, and this could mean that they growing more than if they did not utilise this outside financing. If this increases earnings by a greater amount than the debt interest that would be incurr ed and because it is definitely beneficial to do so, thus the board would be pleased with what they have seen from the financial statements.ShareholdersShareholders get together a set of financial statements as a right, and are the only stakeholders to do so. The shareholders interest will be in what the company is doing with the money they have invested, and whether it is making a profit or loss. If it is profitable, they will want a return in the form of dividends, so they will be concerned with the level of dividends the company is paying out year on year and the potential for future profits and dividends. If profit levels and dividend pay-outs diminish noticeably, or if no dividends are paid out because the company has made a loss, then they will consider selling their shares and investing in something else which will give them a higher return. Obviously operating profit margin is also undeniable to measure overall performance and this can be calculated as follows. Profit b efore interest and tax Sales x 100%Sainsburys (?m) Morrisons (?m) 1009 23949 x 100%=4.2% (95) 17680 x 100%=-0.5%Supermarkets usually operate at low operating margins, so these results are not wholly strike (McLaney and Attril.2008) Morrisons extremely poor performance this year is down to incredibly high administrative costs, this could be seen as possibly due to a tender initiative or launch of service which required high costs to get this off the ground, and therefore this whitethorn pay dividends in the future. Thus it will be imperative to see how they will perform in the next year without these high administrative costs. Sainsburys operating profit margin can be compared with the previous year to see how they are progressing, and this was 3.8%. Thus their net profit margin has increased and the shareholders will be pleased with this performance as it could increase shareholder dividends.BanksBanks are extremely elicit in a companies much(prenominal) as Sainsburys or Morriso ns financial statements. For example if a company has an overdraft or a bank loan, then the banks need to make sure that a company can afford to pay these loans it owes off (Palepu and Healy.2008). If a company is applying for a loan, similar considerations apply, although the bank would in addition insist on looking at more up to date information than the pass away set of statutory accounts as these could be rather out of date. The banks would calculate this by with the acid test ratio. This shows the companys ability to pay its current liabilities from liquid assets. This is calculated as follows. Current assets less inventory Current liabilitiesSainsburys (?m) Morrisons (?m) 4362-1005 6765= 0.5 1 1430-852 2873= 0.2 1Supermarkets by nature have genuinely low acid test ratio scores due to some stock on their shelves not selling as quickly as they would like. However Morrisons at 0.21 is much lower than the company would be wanting to have, whereas Sainsburys at 0.51 is relati vely healthy for a company that operates as a supermarket.Creditors A companys trade creditors and suppliers will also obviously be interested in a companies financial statements such(prenominal) as the balance sheet and income statement. Such stakeholders will be concerned with whether the company can pay regularly for its purchases from them, so they will have an centre to the cash position of the company its liquidity. They will also be interested consequently in any items in the accounts which may affect this liquidity such as bank overdrafts or loans, as such items would usually indicate cash problems in the company which may render it an insecure buyer for the future.Creditors are also extremely interested in creditor long time. This is the average payment period to payables expressed in days. This can be calculated by the following formula. craftsmanship payables x 365 PurchasesSainsburys (?m)Morrisons (?m) 2272 x 365 16606= 50 days 2692 x 365 22562= 44 daysAs can be se en, Sainsburys creditors will be the more pleased out of the two sets of stakeholders for both supermarkets. This is because they are paid on average six days sudden than Morrisons creditors and thus will have a more efficient flow of cash. This could mean building a better relationship with these creditors. However Morrisons may also be pleased as it means they are able to hold on to this cash for longer and maximise cash flow with longer creditor days payable. shell out debtors/customers. These persons would be interested in the companys likely continuance into the future as a secure source of supply, and so would look for any items affecting this, such as production difficulties, sales price increases etc.These will also be most interested in debtor (receivables) days, this is the modal(a) collection period for receivables expressed in days. It is calculated as follows. Trade receivables x 365 Sales RevenueSainsburys (?m)Morrisons (?m) 433 x 365316 x 365 23949= 7 days17680= 7 daysHere both Sainsburys and Morrisons debtors will be equally as pleased when analysing the financial accounts for both of these companies. This is because they both receive a similar amount of time in which to pay their debts. Equally both of the supermarket chains will be relatively pleased with this as they will be in a similar position to each other in receiving the money from debtors. Similarly this is much shorter than the time it takes both to pay their creditors, and thus their cash flow efficiency will be maximised.Competitors Competitors will also be interested in the financial results of a rival in the same industry sector to see whether its results are better or worse than its own, whether it has brought new products to the market place and how these have been doing (Palepu and Healy.2008). Competitors of Sainsburys such as Asda and Tesco may also be interested to compare things such as costs of goods on the income statement to compare this to their own performance. A rivals bad result, when its own is good, would enhance performance in the eyes of its own shareholders. A rivals similar adverse performance may reflect that both are hit by the same business factors.In the retail business something that both Morrisons and Sainsburys would be interested in visual perception is how their inventories turnover period compares with that of their rivals. It can be calculated as follows. Inventories x 365Cost of sales*Sainsburys Morrisons 1005 x 365852 x 36522562= 17 days16062= 20 daysHere Sainsburys will have the more pleased boards of the two supermarkets when analysing their competitors in terms of inventory turnover. This is because on average they manage to turn over their inventory 3 days quicker than Morrisons. This demonstrates that they have a more efficient stock system and are selling their products at a faster rate, which could lead to a better overall performance.ConclusionAs can be seen, a range of different stakeholders have reason to be i nterested in a companies financial statements. These stakeholders range from being interested in their own personal gain, those such as Shareholders, as well as being interested in how it impacts upon other stakeholders, through the analysis of both debtor days and creditor days.Financial reports are important for all different stakeholders so they can decide whether or not it is beneficial to be involved with a certain company, they are always interested in the going concern of the company. It is important for numerous reasons that these stakeholders have access to the accounts to gain clarity and for the continuation of the working relationship with companies such as Sainsburys and Morrisons. It is therefore important that the accounting is hi-fi and up to standards for these different stakeholders of financial statements, it is also useful for comparison of companies and as can be seen from the analysis Sainsburys stakeholders will be more pleased with the financial statements t han Morrisons.BibliographyGarner, E. (2014). Kantar, UK grocery growth at lowest level for 11 years, Onlinehttp//uk.kantar.com/consumer/shoppers/070514-kantar-worldpanel-uk-grocery-share-data-april-2014/ Accessed online on 01/11/2014J.Sainsburys plc, 2014. Annual Report and accounts 2013-2014. Online. http//www.j-sainsbury.co.uk/media/2064053/sainsbury_s_annual_report_and_ accounts_ 13-14.pdf. 2014. Accessed online on 01/11/2014Laurent, C.R. up the efficiency and effectiveness of financial ratio analysis. Journal of Business Finance and Accounting. Online Vol 6(3). 2006. p401-413.McLaney, E. J., Atrill. P. (2008). Accounting and finance an introduction. Fourth edition. Harlow Pearson.Palepu, K. Healy, P. (2008) Business Analysis and Valuation Using Financial Statements. MasonThomson LearningWM Morrisons Supermarkets plc , 2014. Morrisons Annual Report 13-14 Online. http//annualreport.marksandspencer.com/downloads/MS_AR2014_Annual_Report.pdf Accessed online on 01/11/2014

Government-operated Gambling

Over the past few yrs, government ope pointd gambol has grown into a massive business, there has been much controversy approximately the outlet of weather or non Gambling should be set upd. In this essay I will explain my point of view on this topic and give examples that support my ideas. So, what should the states policy towards free rein? I believe that the state should not regulate childs play because of three main reasons. My freshman reason is spates rights and freedoms.Second, Gambling has grown into a major attention over the pas few years the centre for addiction and mental wellness stated in their Gambling Policy modeling in 2011 Government-operated childs play has steadily expanded in Ontario in the past two decades, revenues reaching $4. 7 billion in 2009. (2). This shows that Gambling has grown to become a major constancy in todays economy and by doing so it has helped ball club in several different aspects, the festering of the gambol fabrication has lead to an increase in revenue for the government, thus resulting in more social benefits towards the public.Finally, The maneuver industry has lead to many job opportunities in north America, offering a beacon of hope to those in need of jobs during a recession. In redbrick society, freedom is not only supported but also cherished, concourse should be given the freedom to persist their lives as they please, weather they choose to live their lives in a healthy way or not that is up to them. However, they must be given the right to live as they please. In the fall in States, groups such as the KKK be protected under the first amendment, which protects their freedom of speech, no matter how ludicrous it may be, they have the right to say as they please.The same should be applied to life. People should have the choice to live their lives as they please without being watched over by the government. Since play does require participants to be of legal age, we know that the people gambling are adults. These grown ups should be able to have control over their own lives, its their responsibility to understand the chances they are taking when gambling. whatever may argue that certain people cant control their gambling problems and have gotten too addicted to gambling and that casinos photograph advantage of these people.These claims are supported by some statistics given in the centre for addiction and mental health, which states, it is estimated that between 30% and 40% of Ontarios gambling revenues come from the 3% of the population with gambling problems (2). This statistic shows that the gambling industry does heavily depend of the people addicted to the game. I would respond by expressing two points. First, the people with gambling problems of which they cannot control are a minority, in Jonathan Wolffs Ethics and public policy A Philosophical inquiry, the author states that between 0. and 0. 8 of the UK adult population could be classified as problem gam bles (59). Furthermore, in the centre for addiction and mental healths Gambling Policy framework in 2011 that just over 3% of the provinces population experiences moderate to severe gambling problems. (57). These numbers do not justify having to sort out an entire industry that would affect hundreds of thousands of people that work in it and making their living off jobs in that industry.Second, increasing government regulations on casinos and lotteries will not stop these problem gamblers from gambling. Jonathan Wolff states in the late 1950s there were towns about 25 percent of the adult population gambled illegally on a mending basis. (55). Taking this point into perspective, it could be inferred that if the government increases the regulations on legal casinos and lotteries that would make it harder for people with an addiction to gamble, these people will find other ways to feed in their addiction.This is a severe problem because when these people begin to gamble illegally th ey will put their cash into other illegal activities, which could include drugs, weapons or violence. In fact, many large gangs could use this opportunity to fund their illegal activities, which would lead to more trouble in society another point to be make towards this issue would be that of money, not only would these gamblers be putting their lives at risk when gambling illegally and dealing with gangs, but they could also be retentiveness this money out of the governments hand which could go government programs to help the less fortunate.This brings me to my next point and that is that gambling has become a major source of revenue for the government. Government regulated gambling has grown into a massive industry which generates a significant amount of revenue each year of which most ends up in the government as funding for many different organizations. in the study named Gambling Its Pleasure and cost by Lorne Tepperman it states that The industry groups report says 57 per cent of gambling revenue $8. 7 billion- supported government services and charities. (9). Tepperman also states that gambling is the most financially significant (9) segment in entertainment and that it contributes $15. 3 billion a year to the economy, according to the Canadian Gaming Association. (9). Ronald Pavalko also states in his paper call gambling and public policy State revenues from casino taxes totaled nearly $3. 5 billion. (336). The reality is that today, we are in a recession we cant afford to decrease that revenue by implementing harsh restrictions on gambling.It is argued that even though gambling is a major source of revenue for the government, it is also a source of misery for people with gambling addictions. The centre for Addiction and Mental health states that For these individuals, a range of harms may occur, resulting in heavy social, economic, and health costs such as crime, dysfunctional relationships, and bankruptcy. (2). However, the solution to this problem is not adding restrictions to gambling but is actually exploitation the money made from gambling towards a break dance cause.As I have previously stated, people addicted to gambling will not be cured from their addiction by regulating legal gambling because they will find other means to feed their addiction. I believe that the best solution to these peoples gambling problem would be using the revenue that they generate for the government in taxes could be used to create social programs for people with serious addictions to gambling that would help them quit.I believe this solution would be ideal because the minority of people with gambling addictions will be treated in a proper healthy way in order to hit over their addiction, the left over revenue could lock in be used in other social programs and finally, the money and profit that the casinos and lotteries generate will still flow which would result in more jobs, another source of income to the economy and would preve nt people from getting fired from their jobs if harsh restrictions were to be applied to gambling agencies.My final argument for this essay is that of employment. As previously stated, gambling generates a huge amount of revenue for the government, Gambling is a growing industry and with its growth it creates several opportunities for jobs for people in need. Gambling generates many jobs that help the economy grow in this time of need. Gambling generates jobs of all sorts, from the engineers and architects that build and design the casinos, to the people who sell lottery tickets, to those who actually work in casinos.All of these people generate their income because of the gambling industry. Tepperman states that in Canada gambling accounts for 267,000 climb time jobs. (6). Pavalko also states in his paper that in only eleven states a total of 370,207 people are employed in casinos, In a country with a current unemployment rate of 8%, the Gambling industry should be seen as a sour ce for solutions to a much more serious problem than an addiction to gambling. Expanding the gambling industry will in return create more job opportunities and help decrease the unemployment rate dramatically.However, if the government begins to set harsher policies towards gambling and casinos are required to disregard costs, the unemployment rate might increase which would create even more social issue, which could result in protests and riots from the workers who have lost their jobs due to the harsh policy towards gambling. Some might argue that Gambling still creates harm towards many people and even though it can create jobs it can also result in many people losing their jobs. I would respond by quoting Lorne Tepperman A majority of adults gamble responsible only a small minority of the population experiences gambling related harm. (1). I believe that gambling will create more jobs that it will end and that that is just a minor side effect that could be easily cured by the re venue that gambling will generate for the government, this money could be put back into society and produce new projects that create new job opportunities and these jobs could be offered to those who had lost their previous jobs. In conclusion I would say that I do not believe that the government should regulate gambling because of the reasons that I have stated earlier in this essay.First, Gambling is a choice and freedom. It a civil right and the government should not be able to decide weather or not you are allowed to gamble or how much you are allowed to gamble. Second, Gambling has grown into a major industry and has become a major source of revenue to the government. Gambling has helped fund many government programs used to help the less fortunate, even though gambling does create certain people who are addicted to it, they are nowhere near as many as the people whom gambling helps.In this situation the pros drastically outweigh the cons and as previously stated, the revenue g enerated from gambling could go towards social programs made to help people with gambling addictions, that way these people will at long last cure themselves of their addiction and the hundreds of thousands of people whom depend on gambling a source of income would not be affected, which is what I believe is a win-win situation. This brings me to my final argument, employment.The gambling industry has created hundreds of thousands of job opportunities to many of those who need it, especially in a recession where millions struggle to find an income support for them and their families. I would say that the government should get along gambling businesses to grow. However, as Christiane Pouline states in his paper titled Gambling that Decisions on policy pertaining to gambling need to be based on a full accounting of the health, economic and social benefits and costs of gambling. (1208). Which is why the policy towards gambling should be set to help both the gambler and the Casinos. T hat policy should state that a majority of the profit that is generated from Casinos should go towards social programs that will benefit society these social programs should include programs made to help gambling addicts with their problems. James Doughney perfectly sums up this policy in his book titled The poker machine state.Doughney says, Try to do good but even when you cannot at least do not knowingly cause harm. (1). Over the past several years, gambling has grown into the largest sector of the entertainment industry, creating the most amount of revenue to the government. Our society should be scared of this phenomenon and try to regulate it, we should actually take advantage of it and use it to help make the most the most of this opportunity by using the money made from gambling to improve our lives and the lives of those around us.

Dick and balls

Use a Tape-measure to measure circumference. A-IVe gone from 1 1 to 13. 5 R-its vivid lVe already gone from 11 to 13. 5 in two months T- workout 6 days a week for 1 hour until summer 2. S-l unavoidableness to lading 175Lbs by summer, (muscle Gains) because I requirement to have more muscle volume. M- Use a Scale to measure weight A- I have establish on 8Lbs of Muscle mass in two months R- I have put on 81bs in two months so another 15 in 7 is attainable T- workout 6 days week for 1 hour until summer 3.S- increase 10-rep leg press max to 220Lbs so I can have more strength to become a better water-skier. M. When I can lift 220Lbs 10 clock in a row. A- I can leg press 180Lbs 10 times comfortably. R- Its not a huge increase so I can do it. T- I want to achieve this goal buy summer so I have the strength to waterski. I will train my legs 2-3 times a week. S- 4 pass on bicep by summer so I can complete more push ups during fitness testing M- Use a Tape-measure to measure circumfer ence. A-IVe gone trom R-its graphicIVe already gone from 11 to 13. 5 in two months T- workout 6 days a A- I nave put on 8Lbs ot Muscle mass in two months A- I can leg press 180Lbs 10 times com o t rtably. train my legs 2-3 times a week. SWOLE Goals train my legs 2-3 times a week. train my legs 2-3 times a week. S n bicep by summer so I can complete more S-l want to weight 175Lbs by summer,

Concert Report Essay

Thesis statement This report will simply discuss how Ludwig van Beethoven integrated old and fresh musical ideas into his work, thus creating an unconventional but superior and influential quartet, based on the String Quartet No.9 in C, Op. 59, No.3 Razumovsky performed on the concert.On 22nd Nov, move Quartet, ace of the worlds fore closely chamber ensembles, performed two musical works. They be Ludwig van Beethovens String Quartet No.9 in C, Op. 59, No.3 Razumovsky and Antonin Dvoraks Piano Quintet No.2 in A, B. 155, Op.82. In this report, I will focus on discussing Beethovens work.1Ludwig van Beethoven was a German composer and pianist. A crucial figure in the transition between the Classical and Romantic period in Western art music, he remains one of the most famous and influential icon for all composers. His best-known compositions include 9symphonies, 5 concertos for piano, 32 piano sonatas, and 16 string quartets. 2The String Quartet No.9 in C, Op. 59, No.3 Razumovsky was pen in around 1805-1806, when Beethoven was aged 35 and was at the height of his productivity. It is called the Razumovsky quartets because it is commissioned by a Russian count of that name, who was the Tzars ambassador in Vienna, a keen amateur violinist and a confirmed music lover. The quartet consists of the following four parkways1. Andante con moto all toldegro fast (C major)2. Andante con moto quasi allegretto (A minor)3. Menuetto (Grazioso) (C major)4. Allegro molto (C major)I will focus on discussing how Beethoven integrated old and new ideas into the second, troika and final movements The second movement brings us to an unconventional territory. Beethoven tried something radical and that is an entire Russian movement. The exotic flavor of this movement is easy generous to hear in the augmented second intervals of the opening violin melody, the frequent pizzicato accompaniment of the cello in which as if it imitates a folk cock such as guitar of harp and especially in the long passages of static harmony. Indeed, Beethoven is successful in conjuring up thissense of geographical blank that the movement sounds very similar to the nationalist inspiration from decades later, by Romantic period composers like Dvorak or Borodin or Chaikovsky. But the extreme modulations and patient system of logic of the tonal return betray it back to its time and composer. enchantment the second movement gives an unconventional feeling and goes for something new during that time, the third movement gestures in the reverse gear direction. During Beethovens middle period, he tended to avoid the Minuet and collar format and try to use the robust Scherzo in his works but here he returns to the somewhat-old-fashioned form, in a movement with a characteristic rhythmic motive in the opening seamlessly exchanged between instruments. As if to complete the old-fashioned mode, the Trios uncomplicated dance character and rising ending melodies even bring us back to the wor ld of early Haydn, who is a Classical tip composer. Everything in this quartet has been a surprise so far, and the last movement is no exception. It is led by a gentle coda to the third movement that ends on a question mark.But then, of all things, we are presented with the start of a traditional fugue, led off by the viola at a furious tempo. Again we have a sense of traveling between the new and the old. Fugues were by now an ancient, learned device but Beethoven integrates this one into the most extrovert and public of moods as a display of evident virtuosity for the four soloists. What is more, as soon as the four entries have been completed, there are not any formal counterpoints and Beethoven explores instead the grandiose, symphonic modes, especially that flamboyant celebration of an enormous C-major space on all four instruments.All in all, Beethoven is so successful in integrating old musical ideas, coming from the Romantic or even the Classical period, and his new though ts into this quartet. While I listened to it, it acts like a time machine, bringing us to travel between old and new. No wonder it is regarded as one the most transcendent quartet composed by Beethoven.

Evolution of Computer Technology

Several centuries have been taken toward the phylogenesis of inventions make by different people into modern forms. Single inventors r atomic number 18ly bring bulge out modern invention. What we have now as electronic devices (the calculators) are inventions of several scientists, mathematicians and engineers from different centuries. For the purpose of this mini research key terms like evolution, technology and estimator shall be considered, not forgetting to take a careful look at the evolution of these inventions from different centuries/years to our present generation starting from the soonest known device.The characteristics of these devices from generation to generation and their classification according to sizes, functions and uses shall also be discussed. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS Evolution Evolution is a gradual development that occurs in a particular place or thing. Technology This is the use of mechanical arts and applied science. Technology here refers to systems, me thods of organization and techniques. ComputerA computer is a programmable mechanical device that accepts information or remarks, stores and manipulates data and brings out the result or issue in numerical format.COMPONENTS OF A figurer SYSTEM A general purpose computer has four major components namely arithmetic and logic whole (ALU), take for unit, entrepot and input/output devices. These separate are interconnected by buses often made of groups of wires. ARITHMETIC AND LOGIC UNIT (ALU) This unit carries out arithmetic and logic cognitive processs. According to Stokes (2007), the touch on of arithmetic operations that a particular arithmetic and logic unit supports may be limited to adding and subtracting or might include multiplying or dividing functions ( sine, cosine, etc) and material roots.While others represent real total with the use of floating point, nigh can except operate on whole numbers (integers) albeit, with limited precision. Arithmetic operation could b e carried out by any programmed computer. Logic operation can be useful both for creating complicated conditional statements and processing Boolean logic. THE tame UNIT The control unit which is often called a control system or central controller, manages the computers various components. It reads and interprets (decodes) the program instructions, transforming them into a series of control signals which activate other parts of the computer.In order to improve performance, the control system in advanced computer may change the order of well-nigh instructions. FUNCTION OF THE CONTROL SYSTEM It reads the codes for the next instruction from the cell indicated by the program counters. It decodes the numerical code for the instruction into a set of commands or signals for separately of the other systems. Whatever data the instruction requires from cells in retrospect are read by the control system. Necessary data to an arithmetic and logic unit or register is also provided by the con trol system.If the instruction requires an ALU or specialized hardware to complete, it instructs the hardware to perform the requested operation. It writes the results from the ALU back to a fund location or to a register or perhaps an output device. It could be observed that the sequence of operations gone through by the control unit to process an instruction is in itself like a short computer program. MEMORY The memory of a computer is seen as a describe of cells into which numbers can be placed or read. severally cell has a numbered address and can store a single number.Anything such as numbers, letters can be represented by the information stored into the memory with equal ease. Software gives significance to what the memory sees as series of numbers. In just about all modern computers, each memory cell is set up to store binary numbers in gaps of 8bits or bytes. Each byte representing 256 different numbers (Stokes 2007). Several consecutive numbers may be used to store larg er numbers. Computer memory is of two types or principal varieties The Random access Memory (RAM) and Read Only Memory (ROM).Random Access Memory according to Inyang and Umoh (2003), is a part of primary memory that holds the programs being executed and the data to be worked upon. RAM also stores the result of a processed data, waiting to be transferred to output device or secondary storage device. It is a temporary memory and the content of RAM is erased when a computer is turned off and data stored in it can instantly be accessed. The storage of RAM is expressed in megabytes and its capacity or size limited. An area of RAM set aside for storage of most frequently accessed information is the CACHE memory.It is a temporary highschool speed data holding area between the memory and the central processing unit. RAM has four parts the conventional memory which consist of the prototypic 640KB of RAM, used by operating system and device drivers Upper Memory Bound (UMB) located between 640KB and 1MB of RAM, used by device drivers extended memory (XMS) which include direct access memory above 1MB and Expended memory a special part of ram that is up to 32MB and exists outside the conventional memory. Read only memory (ROM) is preloaded with data and software that never changes, so the central processing unit (CPU) can only read it.ROM is typically used to store the computers initial start up instructions. It retains its data indefinitely. In a personal computer (PC), ROM contains a specialized program called the BIOS that orchestrates loading the computers operating system from the hard disc drive into RAM whenever the computer is turn on or reset. All of the required software may be stored in ROM in embedded computers which frequently do not have disc drives. Software stored in ROM is referred to as microcode because it is more like hardware than software. INPUT/OUTPUT DEVICEMeans by which information between the computer and outside world is exchanged is known as input/output. Peripheral includes input devices like keyboard and mouse, and output devices such as the display and printer. Hard disc drives, floppy disc drives and optical disc drives serve as both input and output devices. HISTORY OF COMPUTER Computer technology has changed today world to a global village. Since the field of computer is a considerable sea, there are many options and benefits one can get from it. Internet is constant and rapidly growing source of information.People can get information or piece of required knowledge from any part of the world by just a few clicks on the websites. There is a rise in the need of more websites and knowledgeable sources as information is much easier to access. The early men counted by means of matching one set of object with another(prenominal) set. The history of modern computer begins with two separate technologies automated calculation and programmability. The earliest known computing device was called ABACUS. It is the first count ing device that was genuine about 500BC (Umoh and Inyang, 2003).It is made up of wood and beads. It has a role of any number of parallel wires, rods or grooves on or in slide of petty beads or blocks. Strung beads which have different values were manually used to operate abacus. Bars were used in dividing the Abacus into two parts perpendicular to the rods. Bits moved in active position towards the bars and the ones towards the frame are ignored. Each bar signifies digits and least significant digits were on the right. Abacus was used in calculating (i. e. adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing) numbers by moving the bit complex.In the 9th century, the Persian Mathematician Abu, Abdullah Muhammad Bin Musa Al-Khwarizni developed the concept of a written process followed to achieve some goals, and published a book on the subject that gave us its modern name Algorithm. In 1623, Wilhelm Schikard, a German Scientist invented a gondola that used football team complete and six in complete sprocketed wheels that could add and with the aid of logarithm tables, multiply and divide. Many inventions have taken several centuries to develop into the modern forms and modern inventions are rarely the product of a single inventors effort.Many people each added a small contribution towards the development of the bits and pieces of a computer (including the software). Each person in this work contributed a part towards the development of computers. In 1642, a 19year old French boy, a philosopher and mathematician Blaise Pascal invented a mechanical adding machine called a Mechanical Calculator. It is like a modern desk calculator and contains numbers of wheel and uses gear system to perform arithmetic operations. Computations are carried out by a process of integer counting.In 1801, Punch cards were invented by a French Weaver called Joseph Marie Jacquard. These Punch Cards allowed his loom to automatically weave manifold patterns. Different parts were used in storing different patterns of holes that produced different designs. Punch Cards are used in processing information in computers. The optical fusion of automatic calculation with programmability produced the first recognized computers. Charles Babbage, British Mathematician and inventor, invented mechanical computing machine Babbages Analytical Engine.In 1820, it carried out complex arithmetic operations and made decisions based on its own computations. It was self-controlled and had two important parts which are the storage unit with memory device and arithmetic unit known as the Mill. It was the worlds first digital computer. Babbages contributed the idea of conditional transfer which gave way to comparison of quantities and modification of programs. The idea of a sequence of perforate cards to produce a more flexible design was borrowed from the Jacquards pattern weaving loom. It performed functions like additions, subtraction, division and multiplication.

Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company

The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company was founded by Frank Seiberling in 1898 on the minuscule Cuyahoga River in Akron Ohio. He borrowed thirty five hundred dollars from his brother-in-law to start the company. The company was named after Charles Goodyear who discovered the rubber vul hindquartersization process in 1839. The company started to signifier their first factory in 1902 in Akron. In 1903 Paul Litchfield, a factory manager received a patent on the tubeless wear down. In 1904 the company became a attraction in automobile, carriage, and bicycle discharges.In 1909, the company became involved in making airplane fags. Goodyear employs 73,000 people in 22 countries and operates 53 facilities globally. Goodyear Tire and Rubber Companys mission statement is To increase the value of our brands for everyone with securities industry driven innovation, delivering the highest quality tires, related products and services, for our customers and consumers. Strengths Goodyear has evo lved as a leader in tire manufacturing and retreading across the globe.The company is the third largest tire company in the world with revenue surpassing twenty million dollars. Goodyear is the best-selling tire in North America. Goodyear has very strong growth potential in all merchandises. This is a positive strength because competition is fierce and there is no room for error in the tire business due to the low profit margins on tires. Goodyear remains very profitable despite competition and that has Goodyear in a strong authority for future plans and innovations. Goodyear has a strong liquidity position in the grocery.In the last couple of years Goodyear has advanced their position and had strong revenue streams to bolster their short and long term goals. Over the first three months of 2013 Goodyears revue was at a record 5. 5 billion dollars. Goodyear managed to achieve this even when raw materials and weaker demand was present. This demonstrates that Goodyear is financiall y sound, beating out competition to remain on top of tire industry and also proves its positive leadership and goals ar on target in todays market. Weakness One of Goodyears weaknesses is Debit.While Goodyear is seeing a commencement in revenue and profits they chill out carry a large debit from recent years. On April 19th, 2012, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company announced that it has terminate a refinancing package of its U. S. credit facilities. These changes include increasing the companys existing 1. 5 billion dollar existing revolving credit to two billion dollars and the maturity date has been increased to 2017. The companys pre-existing 1. 2 billion dollar loan was extended until 2019. This is good in the raws for Goodyear only still leaves them with a lot of debit to reduce in the future.They should be able to reduce this debit with the strong earning they atomic number 18 making and with sweet introductions of tires coming to market at this time. Another weakness of Goodyear is weaker overseas demand. As most of Europe is in a recession and many countries have severe unemployment, tire gross revenue are down. This not just a problem for Goodyear but for all tire manufactures. Goodyear must analyze their overseas market strategy and take new measures to improve sales and remain profitable. Once a strategy can be put in place to remain a strong competition in Europe, Goodyear allow for see positive gains once again.Goodyear can minimize losses by reducing inventory and plant operation costs to light up it more efficient than ever to keep their presence and name recognition at the forefront in the tire industry. Opportunities Goodyear has many opportunities to expand and gain market share worldwide. The Asian market is growing leaps and bounds and more people are able to purchase vehicles than ever before. The opportunities in these markets are quite great, and Goodyear will be there. With a solid global strategy, including manufacturing plan ts overseas, Goodyear is in a solid position with a large market presence already.Goodyear realizes the expanding market in Asia and is attack on all sides with marketing and rebate campaigns to capitalize on the growth that is there for the taking. If Goodyear stays aggressive, they will surely reap the benefits. Another opportunity for Goodyear has been their new innovation centers in Akron Ohio and Colmer-Luxembourg. These new centers are developing new tires that are being highly praised and wanted, like the new Goodyear Assurance fuel Max tire that has 27 % less rolling resistance than conventional tires. The new Ultra grip 8 has more and stopping power than any tire on the market.With these new innovations and slim line operational costs, Goodyear is poised to be a market leader and very possibly will move up from the fig three position they currently hold, and with the way the company is being run at this point, that is a definite possibility. Threats The highly emulous mar ket is a great(p) threat to Goodyear on all accounts. Bridgestone is the largest tire and rubber company in the world with sales over 35 billion. Michelin Tire Company is the second largest tire company in the world and both of these companies are threats to Goodyear in sear size and operation.There are other tire manufacturers, but these two are Goodyears biggest threats today. These large companies have great leadership and facilities to have the positions in the world market that they do and are very competitive in nature. These companies can lower prices to gain market share without making money for a short time and cut Goodyears market down, affecting the profits at Goodyear. Has this been done? Well nobody is pointing fingers, but there have been some fierce tire sales to accomplish increased market sales. Other threats that Goodyear faces are the lower cost tire manufactures.Other leading tire manufactures are selling tires at lower prices to gain a foothold in the market. T hese tires are good tires, but may lack the quality and reliability of a Goodyear tire. However with a tight economy, people sometimes will go with a cheaper tire to save money even if the tire will not give them the mileage and quality of a Goodyear. These companies can affect the over market share and profit at Goodyear. At a time when things are tough, people may choose these lower cost tires over Goodyears product, but Goodyear also has lower cost tires on the market to combat this, such as Dunlop and Kelly-Springfield brands.Summary Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company can capitalize in any market for tires, from high performance tires to lower priced economical tires. Goodyear has strong liquidity, multiple manufacturing plants and retreading facilities around the globe to compete in a very competitive market and has done well in the last couple of years in reducing operational costs and offering tire rebates, to place them in a great position for future growth. If Goodyear holds to its mission statement of delivering high quality tires at a great value, Goodyear will continue to prosper.ReferencesGoodyear Corporate website (2012). Retrieved from http//www.goodyear.com/ incarnate/about/Cars Direct, (2009, August 17). Retrieved from http//www.carsdirect.com/car-repair/the-7-best-tire- companies-out-there Ranker, (2012), Retrieved from http//www.ranker.com/list/world_s-top-10-tire-manufacturers-by-2010-revenue/micksgarage TR & W, (2010) Retrieved from http//www.tiresrimsandwheels.com/top-tire-manufacturers/ Market Research.com. (2009, December, 31) Retrieved from http//www.marketresearch.com/map/prod/2532908.htmlConsumer reports, (2012, April), Retrieved from http//www.consumerreports.org/cro/tires/buying-guide.htm Event Brief of Q1 2012 Goodyear Tire & Rubber Earnings Conference Call closing Fair Disclosure Wire (2012, April). Quarterly Earnings Reports. Retrieved from Database Points of View Reference Center

Representation of Partition of India in Sunlight on a Broken Column, Ice-Candy Man, and 1947 Earth

Partition of India, which is al almost overlooked in traditional historiography with Indias Indep determinationence and Birth of Pakistan, conduct to wizard of the largest and bloodiest migrations in the history of the world. Sunlight on a Broken Column, Ice-Candy earth and 1947 Earth are all set in the selfsame(prenominal) season span and portray Partition in quite different ways. Different as in non still different from each separate, but in addition different, more significantly, from the way it is portrayed in traditional historiography. Traditional historiography merely gives facts and figures with step forward examining all its social, political, economical, cultural and psychological effects.Also, it is largely governed by national biases and hence, tends to sweeps under the spread over anything that projects a negative image of the nation or raises a finger at its pet ideologies. Hence, it not only fails to give a true encounter but is also, incapable of examining why? or linking the past with the present as in bringing out the relevance of it as of now. The above three textbooks, to a lesser or greater extent do precisely that, as in question the traditional historiography. And, I think thats where their merits lie.Sunlight on a Broken Column which focuses chiefly on how it was an era of changes and change whether it be for hot or for pretty cannot occur without pain examines the causes of partition most effectively. Not only was it the end of colonial rule, resulting into a great power struggle between Hindus and Muslims (with Muslims having ruled over India for centuries before British and the Hindu dominated sexual congress gaining power after them) but, it also marked the end of feudalism which is very significant as in it brings to light the power struggle that occurred amongst Hindus and Muslims themselves.A conjunction based on class (feudal lords) was being replaced to that governed by caste (Congress, Muslim league). That is , change or reversal of Power roles occurred not just at a political level between Hindus and Muslims or British and Indians (as in colonial India) but, also at a social level amongst the Hindus as well as amongst the Muslims themselves. To quote from the text For times had changed sadly since the integration of the Princely States, and Their Highnesses were left with itles, no states, reduced in executes and unchanged habits and tastes, To play polo, entertain, race, drink, flirt or fornicate with the square-toed air of aristocratic nonchalance needed co-operation between those who had the means and those who had the titles. Also, psychologically, it brings out the conflict between modernity and tradition as in the Laila, I mat up I lived in two worlds an observer in an outside world, and solitary in my let.Because on one exceed was the very strong preach to cling to all that was Indian as in not imported or forced on by the British while, on the other hand was the need and d esire to break free from the old, rotten customs. Or in other words, an individuals cultural identity was being questioned. Which, on summing up gives a very different cause of the riots and the massacre, as in it was A resistance to change that changed everything.That is, contrary to what we would like to believe, British might be one of the several reasons but, they are certainly not the only ones to blame. The causes were valetifold and lay very much within India. Divide and rule policy of British was not the only reason. This fact is also brought out through Saleems character in the text. Saleem believed and blamed the divide and rule policy of British initially but, ulterior his opinions changed he blamed the Congress leaders (very much Indian ) instead and himself become a supporter of the Muslim League.Partition did not occur all of a sudden but, it was a gradual process that occurred at all levels, most importantly, inside the minds of people Talking about the implications , it happens to be the only text among the all three which talks of breaking up of families (or partition within them) due to the geographical partition of India. It also brings out the economical implication as in loss of property due to evacuee property being allotted to refugees by having to not only move out of the old zenana but, also swap it and the bitterness caused in Aunt Siara because of it.Besides, by writing about the partition chiefly in the last section as a retrospect which has a very strong signified of nostalgia running through it she emphasizes the fact that the past wont ever return but, wont ever be forgotten as its effects are everlasting and especially for those who suffered in partition (loss of near and dear ones etc) tomorrows give always be yesterdays. But, on the negative side it is very much a Pro India, Pro Gandhi novel, a very very strongly biased text. For eg, it kind of patronizes the Muslims who stayed in India while, art those who left traitors. Also, the novel manipulates the readers sympathies towards the characters very effectively which in turn are linked to the ideologies they stand for. For eg, in the arguments between Kemal and Saleem one tends to clearly sympathize with Kemal, same with Laila vs Zahra and also, Laila vs Nadeera (towards the end). And, most importantly, Asad who is portrayed as someone to be looked up to and respected stands for the Gandhian ideology. The novel ends with a kind of moral preaching by Asad, and Laila, a confused person who follows no particular ideology accepting him and embracing his ideology.Towards the end, there is the sense that the Gandhian Ideology wins. Perhaps coz shes assay to imply that now its the only possible solution to the problem left. But, most importantly of all, the abduction of women is very marginally recognitioned and womens recuperation camp is only indirectly hinted to in an otherwise feminist text. Though, she does question patriarchal power system by the c haracter of Sita. Unlike the Ramayanas Sita, this Sita stays by her own personal choice with Ravana and questions Rams ideology by saying, I think it is the sense of possession in a man that is hurt, not his sense of morality.But, its quite indirect not an obvious link. On the whole, through Sunlight on a Broken Column, Attia Hosain presents a more or less complete picture of Partition and fills up a lot many gaps in traditional historiography and though indirectly, questions almost all of its basic assumptions. Ice-Candy humanity chiefly focuses on the basic animal instincts in men which are brought out effectively by the character of the Ice-Candy while itself. He doesnt come across as a positive character yet, Lenny likes him Even after he abducts ayah and ill treats her, Lenny sympathizes with him.She says she can see him as Godmother sees him treacherous, dangerous. but, yet she considers him guileless With the novel written in first person and the fact we see everything fro m Lennys perspective, this is significant. That is, we identify with Lenny who in turn identifies with ice-candy man (a royal bastard ) whom we dislike A wonderful irony on human nature And, this perhaps can be seen as one possible reason for partition. Also, the novel is repulsively biased against politicians. Sidhwa lashes out on politicians especially Indians though there is an indirect sarcasm at Pakistanis as well.And, Ice-Candy Man is a kind of politician or rather the bridge between the common man and frozen, calculating, icy politicians. Its portrayal of the scummy of women and abducted womens recovery camp in its full complexities unlike the other texts, is quite meritious. Ayah is abducted and converted into a prostitute the women in Ranoos village are tortured like hell so, much that they prefer death to it. Hamida, is recover but, her family refuses to accept her. Lenny just cant bring herself to terms with it Hamida was kidnapped by the Sikhs, says Godmother seriou sly.On serious matters I can always trust her to level with me. She was interpreted away to Amritsar. Once that happens, sometimes, the husband-or his family-wont take her back. Why? It isnt her fault she was kidnapped Some folk feel that way-they cant stand their women being touched(p) by other men. Its monstrously unfair but Godmothers tone is accepting. I think of what Himat-Ali -alias- Hari once told me when I reached to lift a minute sparrow that had tumbled from its nest on our veranda. Let it be, hed stopped me. the mother will take care of it. If our hands touch it, the other sparrows will peck it to death. Even the mother? I asked. Even the mother hed said. It doesnt make sense but if thats how it is. It is. But, though it stresses on womens suffering, it doesnt quite question the patriarchal notions of power and treatment of women as passive victims. No where does it question the use of womens identities and bodies as symbols of community remark and tradition tha t makes them tar vexs of violence during sectarian conflicts.It elaborates equally well on the womens recovery operation and even accepts that it cant wipe out the past or truly recover them, but doesnt quite question the purpose of it all. This is probably, because the only female character that emerges very strong is Godmothers but, the power and potentiality that she exercises is very patriarchal in nature. Lennys mother is portrayed as a very feminine character but, she cannot save Ayah from Ice-Candy Man. Though towards the end she says, institutionalize me the (mystic) wine that burns all veils, The wine by which lifes secret is revealed.The wine whose essence is eternity. The wine which opens mysteries concealed. Lift up the curtain, give me power to talk. And make the sparrow struggle with the hawk. Iqbal The sparrow or the women has to struggle with the hawk or the men in order to survive Apart from these, she highlights how religion had modify (or probably still is) fr om being a faith or a belief to a weapon. One mans religion is another mans poison. Also, unlike the other two texts, this isnt staged in one country only, though indirectly (through Ranoo) but, it does go to India.Also, there is an indirect mention of Bengal as in Gandhis fasting stops riots from reaching Bihar (though Sunlight on a Broken Column too deals with partition at the Bengal butt and that too more directly). Besides, at a domestic level, it shows breaking up of families due to death of some members in riots, as in Ranoos family. socially and culturally it well portrays division of people into Hindu, Muslim, Sikh and hence, the colours in the park are gone. As for biases, it is clearly a Pro Parsee, Pro Pakistani novel.Parsees emerge miraculously unaffected by everything on the contrary they are the ones who at times set things right. Lennys mother and aunt help their neighbors get petrol, Godmother manages to get Ayah released from the captive of Ice-Candy Man within a fortnight, which had it not been for her would have been consigned to the ingenious bureaucratic eternity of a toddler nation greenly hurly burly its flag with a white strip to represent its minorities. And, though Sidhwa makes a desperate attempt to sit over the fence it collapses in the dinner put back scene n epigraph when she blames the British.And, it is very much governed by Political Biases. It is clearly pro Jinnah, and lashes out on Gandhi without quite justifying. On the whole, it brings out the power dynamics and links it well to the basic human tendencies. 1947 Earth focuses on the loss of innocence through the transformation of Dilnavaaz from a common man to a sadistic, cold blooded criminal. It too highlights the basic animal instincts in men. Dilnavaaz says, Santabibi, yeh sirf Hindu aur Musalman ki baat nahi hai. Yeh to kuch hum sab he andar hai. Hindu, Musalman, Sikh hum sab haramzadey hain. Sab janwar.Chidyaghar ke us sher ki tarah jissey Lenny baby itna darti h ain. Kaisey pada rehta hai is intazar of import. ke pinjra khuley aur jab pinjra khulta hai to Aalah he malik hai. And, then he asks Shantabibi to marry him saying, tumhara sath hoga to yeh janwar hai jo yahan merey andar woh kaboo mein rahega. And when she doesnt marry him, he abducts her which, brings out the fact women are made victims of mens nuisance and jealousy. Also, it is brings out the psychological implications of the partition very well. The sense of insecurity and fear runs through out the movie.For example, the car scene, the surrounding by the mob at the end etc. Besides, it shows Hindus, Muslims, Sikhs, Parsees all equally affected. And, even questions though indirectly as to what religion is when, Lennys father comments on the marriage and conversion of Papoo to Christian saying, good move, anyways, Hindu Gods dont count much for the happenings in Lahore this days. Most importantly, unlike the other two texts, it links it very well with the present and brings o ut the relevance wonderfully. At the end, what happened to Ayah isnt clearly stated, Deepa Mehta leave a question mark there but, says, mainey apni Ayah ko us din ke baad kabhi nahi dekha , 1947 ke us din ke bad jab mainey apni Ayah ke sath apney vajud, apney dil ka ek hissa hamesha ke liye kho diya tha Dissmissing the question on her fate as whatever it was, was obviously tragic and hopeless and instead linking it to our identity and finally, questioning the audience with the song, Ishwar, Allah. Because, more than 50 years have passed since partition, and yet the riots havent really stopped Partition was more than anything birth of Hindu-Muslim hatred which will probably never die.As for demerits, its a pro India, pro Hindu novel. Its silent politically, but, openly blames the British without really examining the causes. It is also silent on the womens recovery operation. Besides, it doesnt talk of the partition on the Bengal border. But, on the whole, Deepa Mehta has packed a lo t in the 3-hour movie and brought the relevance of the partition literature well. Looking at all three texts, simultaneously, I personally, feel Sunlight on a Broken Column questions the traditional historiography at almost all levels unlike Ice-Candy Man and 1947 Earth.So, going by the criteria of questioning traditional historiography, it portrays the Partition of India best. Though even 1947 Earth and Ice-Candy Man do it but, to a lesser extent. 1947 Earth highlights the massacre and suffering and stresses more on the psychological impact and relevance as of date but, it doesnt question that many or even that far the assumptions of traditional historiography. Ice-Candy Man on the other hand focuses on the ill-treatment of women very well, but, it doesnt quite question the patriarchal power system and its assumptions.

Japan Political System Essay

japan is a constitutional monarchy like British politics, which is a parliamentary democracy ground with ceremonial emperor. The Empire of lacquer was dissolved in lacquers 1947 constitution. After the defeat of Japan in the Second World War, the Japanese semi semipolitical outline was being constructed, which is establish on the principles of reign that respect human rights and the encouragement of peace. According to separation of causalitys, the political system of Japan officially dual-lane into executive director, legislative and juridic branches.This essay will discuss and classify the political system of Japan, followed by the controversy whether Japan is break dance to describe as a democracy or a monarchy. The monarch, in early(a) words, the Emperor is the foreland of state and no longer holds a real governance agency. The role Emperor of Japan is the symbol of the country and focuses for unity of the people. The stoping of government and Cabinet is the bl ooming minister who holds the executive former. The prime minster has the right to nominate the Cabinet members. The Cabinet is composed of prime minster and ministers of state, which is responsible to the National Diet.The main political power is held by the prime minister and the select members of the National Diet. The prime minister is take with kind a majority vote in the National Diet through single-member plurality for a 4-year term. Single-member plurality refers the candidate win most votes on the first in the election that only ballot in each single-member district. Legislative power is vested in the National Diet which consists of an upper house, named the House of Councillors, and a dispirit house, named the House of Representatives. The House of Councillors is composed of 242 members for 6-year term.The House of Representatives is the powerful house in National Diet and comprised of 480 members for 4-year term. The study Diet is designated as the highest organ of state power that the political responsibility is decided by elected legislature. Unlike the political system of Japan in wartime, the political responsibility was rested with the emperor and a cabinet (Ishida and Krauss 198939). The Supreme Court is the highest judicial branch that is self-employed person. The judicial members argon nominated by the emperor with the agreement of prime minister and cabinet.The major function of Supreme Court is to settle the legal disputes by establishing judicial polices and rules for lower courts. The judicial conference consists of 15 members, which is responsible for decision-making about proposing rules and regulations and in charge of the worldwide secretariats of the Supreme Courts (Itoh 201040-41). Japanese political system can be classified as democratic country. exempthanded democracy refers a system of government that is elected through free and fair election and particular(a) by law to place on the power of democratically elected go vernment (Hague and Harrop 201084).For instance, The House of Representatives in comprised of 480 members. In 480 seats, 300 seats are elected from single-member voters and the other 180 seats are elected 11 multi-member voters by a system of proportional representation. Proportional representation means the number of seats won by a party is proportionate to the number of votes received (Hague and Harrop 2010184). The House of Representatives can be dissolved by the no confidence vote of the Prime Minister or a Cabinet. 42 seats of the House of Councillors, 146 seats are elected by electoral district system and the stay 96 seats are elected based on a proportional representation system (Schoppa 201147).A half of members from the House of Councillors are re-elected every three years by parallel voting system. Parallel voting is two give elections without mechanism to get a proportional result (Diamond and Plattner 2006205). some other feature of bragging(a) democracy is to preven t the government from becoming too powerful. The executive, legislative and judicial powers in Japans political system are separated.The judicial is totally independent (Dean 2002347). Unlike the independent judiciary in most of the western countries, the independent judiciary in Japan is the principle that judicial power of a state is to be implemented independently and fairly by the courts (Goodman 2008191-193). Even the show of government cannot use his power to control the judicial system. The separation of power of Japans government is to avoid the abuse of power. Moreover, based on the Article 20 of Japanese law, Japanese citizens are free to choose their religions.It reflects superstar of the features of liberal democracy that is to ensure the minorities not being re waded by majority. For example, Christian cannot repress Muslin. entirely the people deserve equal chance to choose the religion. The advantage of separation of power is to prevent the members of the National Diet or the government become too big and abuse the power. In addition, the antithetic branches will regulate the members from other branches. However, there are some drawbacks. The disadvantage of complying with separation of power affects the effectiveness of implementation of the legislation.The process of implementing the policy is rather rigid. wiz of the significant features of liberal democracy is that the case-by-case human rights are being guaranteed. According to article 21 the Japanese law, Japanese enjoys wide ranges of rights and freedoms. One of the rights and freedoms of the spirit is that Japanese enjoys freedom of assembly and association as well as speech press and all other hits of expression are guaranteed (Foote 2007263). These are the examples of rights that should be guaranteed. Nevertheless, some people argue that whether is better describing Japan as a monarchy or a democracy.Japan still has the emperor as the head of state although it is a liberal democ ratic country with all the features about liberal democracy. A monarchy represents that a government is ruled by only one single out-and-out(a) hereditary dominion. The ruler held an absolute power in hand. The Japan in pre-wartime was a monarchy. The monarch is the emperor, known as Tenno, who had the whole political power to make the decisions of the whole country. However, the defeat of Second World War led to the Japans government reconstructed.The political system reform led to the change from a monarchy to a constitutional monarchy. The form of modern Japans government is belonging to constitutional monarchy. That is different from a monarchy. Constitutional monarchy refers to separate out the duties of the head of state and the head of government. The head of state is only ceremonial in character and their political power is very little, even they no longer invite the political power. While the head of government is the prime minister and his cabinets, all the decisions of a country are drawn by the head of overnment and the bailiwick Diet.According to Aristotles the classification of governments (Kelsen 2009283), a government ruled by one ruler is monarchy while a government ruled by many rulers is a called democracy. The parliamentary government reflects that the government is ruled by all rulers, which is a democracy. Unlike a monarchy, is ruled by only one ruler. It is clearly show that Japan is better described as a democracy. Aristotles classification based on two dimensions which are the number of people involved governing. It captured the extent of involvement in a political system.Besides, the second dimension is whether rulers governed by common interest or in their own interests. Although the emperor of Japan still exists, the emperor has no political power to control the government by himself. exactly the head of government can exercise the political power and the national Diet is the highest decision-maker as the national Diet holds th e most political power. Moreover, the political system of Japan is divided into three branches, including executive, judicial and legislative branches. Each branches composed of a large group of people to make decisions and handle national activities.All the decisions are made by the constitution instead of the emperor in Japan. As the emperor in Japan has no political power, Japan cannot be described as a monarchy. Overall speaking, Japan is a parliamentary government with ceremonial emperor and it is a liberal democracy based on the theory of Aristotle. Liberal democracy is free to express the views as well as the individual rights are being protected. In addition, people in Japan can enjoy freedom of expressions and they will have a free and fair election to select the preferred government.These are the main features of a liberal democracy. Furthermore, Japan is better to describe as a democracy rather than a monarchy. Since the emperor has no real political power and the governm ent consists of a large group of people to handle different kinds of national activities, such as establish and pass new policy, international cooperation and make decisions. The political power of a country is being separated into different constitutions, which means all rulers, such as legislature, executive council and judicial courts, control the government.

Disneyland: A Public Space Analysis

The pattern of common office is perceived as that of an external environment that is populated by material things, mess and other living things like plants and animals. According to a sociological study of urban spaces and its dimensions, it was said that in that respect ar four (4) foremost environmental stimuli ( Carmona, 87). These stimuli be vision, hearing, smell and touch or feel. Vision relies to a great extent on the perception of distance, colour, shape, texture and contrast gradients, and so on Hearing involves acoustic space which is all-surrounding and is supposedly emotionally rich (Carmona, 87). The stimuli of smell, like hearing is not well developed in humans (unlike some raiding animals) but it also provides emotionally enriched stimulation. The last but not the least is the sense of touch or feel which surprisingly comes by our feet, and buttocks (when we sit down) rather than the hands (Carmona, 87).All of the four stimuli to our sense of creation spac e was fulfilled by our topic of analysis which is Disneyland. It also added a fifth dimension to our stimuli that which stimulates the mastermind and imagination as to how much man space can change us and affect us all. II. Answers to posted questionsLocation analysis. Also, what does your analysis of your space reveal about Los Angeles and its use of in the public eye(predicate) space?Disneyland in Los Angeles (LA) is one of the better public places to go if only peoples entry and exit are limited to a certain number so as not to overwhelm the limited facilities and comforts that it offers to the paying public. LA in general is like a macrocosm of Disneyland in the sense that its public utility facilities are being over run by the influx of people that comes into L.A. and stays to mildew and live on it instead of just coming and going. The reasons behind this (overcrowding and saturation of public spaces) are the economical opportunities that it offers being 11th largest i n the world and its being known as a cultural introduction only next to Manhattan, New York.LAs use of public space should be more attuned to a forecast of city planning, design use and building rather than just allowing the private sector and crowing businesses to rezone every possible space to a money making venture like mega malls and the like.Whose interests does the space cook up?Most of the public spaces represent the interest of a few big businesses and studios of the tinsel town republic. objet dart LA has always been recognized as the destination of the rich and historied and where most of the rich and famous live (and earn their living), there are other big businesses that abound in the area that makes it so attractive as a port of entry to the Californias southland.Whose interests (if any) dominate the space?Disneyland is a theme park that is dominated by childrens theme characters. In fact, Walt Disney, the founder and majority proprietor of Disneyland came up with the idea of the theme Park because of people particularly children kept asking where they could meet paddy field Mouse and Snow White. From there, the concept of Disneyland was founded and its theme and parks kept changing as people and lifespan technology evolve alongside Disneyland. So to answer the question on whose interest the space represent we can safely assume that Disneyland represents all the magical dreams and characters we have and evoke the child inside of to each one and everyone of us.What factors makes a public space respective(a)?The primary factor that makes a public space diverse is its usage. We can observe from the patrons of certain public spaces like Disneyland what uses it serves the public when you see the age range that caters to it. Disneyland has no specific age bracket. Although majority of people assume that children comprise the most number of visitors to Disneyland, its ever changing theme parks also cater to adult taste and even the technolog ically savvy with their space center and other similar themes.What factors make a public space exclusive?A public space can be considered exclusive if it only serves a specific age bracket or a specific group of clientele. Such exclusivity is usually reserved for the rich, the adults and specific interest groups like the veterans, etc. Such exclusive use of public space also maintains an exclusive membership or immersion fee to use the space.Who uses the space and how do they use it?Again, with Disneyland as an example, the management, theme park employees and the general public utilizes the space primarily for amusement. The space is used to get away from the daily grind of life. What in conspicuous and visible rules of behavior are found in the space?The theme and environment that Disneyland evokes a feeling of desirous and dreamlike state in people who enter its gates. Upon entering Disneyland, people feel like they are in a different world that is devoid of reality and often times changes their behavior inside the park. sight seem to be more carefree, happy and relaxed. Since the initial theme of animated characters founded the place, the people that go through its park change their demeanor and perspective at least during the trip inside the park.Meanwhile the invisible code of behavior can be identified as masking the worries and tensions brought about by peoples daily existence and pressures. For the meantime though, they are hidden.

Zagu Co. Background

CONTENT Topic Page Analyze Russia at the conviction of the theme, 1992, 1-2 ( employ the fella and Geography frame reckon) Analyze Pepsi as a high society using only the information in the case 3-4 Recommendations for Pepsi to become thriving in Russia4-5 Answer the specific questions asked by nozzle Shaddy in the last carve up of the case 5-6Pepsi ch eachenge Russia 1992 Pepsi is a soft drink produced and manu featureured by PepsiCo. It is sold in umpteen retail stores, places, restaurants, schools, cinemas and from vending machines. However, the article of The Pepsi Challenge-Russia 1992 discusses on the challenge of hiring people as well as vex staffing compensation and training for the new Russia face after finding the ineffective stage pipeline. It is very classical that an musical arrangement as Pepsi considers Russia environment forrader beginning re-organization. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and serve all aspects of planning.One of food commercializeing tools that often uses to analyze environmental sparing is PEST including political factors, economic factors, social factors, and technological factors. Political factor According to beginning of year 1992 in Russia, the politics at that time is concerned to be communist before changing to democracy in May 1992. The legislation of business is found on regimen. Government policy influence laws that regulate all businesses and every external business agreement involve government to participate in every activity.The ane of exemplifications is that Pepsi hires employees through peerless of the government drill bureaus unless Pepsi forms a joint stock company, which is the window that allows foreigners to hire Russians directly. The politics in Russia gather inms to be perilous such as the sensitive mingled with Russia and Ukraine resulting to Pepsi cannot hire people from Ukraine to be the part of PepsiCo in Russia. The country also lacks a legal fram ework for property powerfuls. The movement of privatization is slow and controversy between divergent republic.The business contract has to renegotiate under turmoil state of affairs. It can be conclude that the government influence in economics and social aspect. Economic factor This is the one of significant factors which influences on PepsiCo. backup needs to consider the state of economy in short and long terms, and economic factors atomic number 18 the important tool for world(prenominal) marketing. In Russia, the economics seems to be capitalism, and a free market, that in fact people bland stick to the communist governing body, so that the free looks unreal. thither is less competition on market due(p) to government regulation and control system. The economic environment has the unappreciated sign. The workers be inefficient, the organization presents overstaffing and nepotism, and the system also identifies as nepotism. The people are employed as presenting high employment yard, except they work with low efficiency and effectiveness. All of these result to low productivity and high inflation rate that is also mention on first paragraph economic output declines around 20 per centum on an annual basic, and the monthly inflation rate is double digits.The country lacks of a financial system and fellowshipable business. The writer compares the economic system of Russia with another country In Russia does not have a well developed business system like India. If comparing GNP with Ukraine and Kazakhstan, Russia is quite lower than others. The pattern of GNP presents only US$ 5,400 per 149 million people. A globally traded currency should serve as a reliable and stable, but it does not act in Russia. Some companies have paid in unstated currency which fuels expectations of topical anesthetics.Other companies have paid only rubles(Honorio, P. 10) In the same business Coke dominates Russia market more than Pepsi Pepsi has around six percent o f the market in total soft drink sales. at that placefore, this is the one talent issue for Pepsi to engender more market share. Social factor The social style and gloss affect on international business. One problem why Pepsi cannot rapidly grow in Russia is address and cultural barriers. The ending is traditional. thither are not many people who have English knowledge. Moreover, surreptitious issue should be careful because everyone alks and share information to each other in their society. The other evoke point is that Russians are not suffer use to western style resulting to difficulty of working in western company. Russian system is flexible and no specific rule in some topics for example businesses cannot get reference checks for their employments. Because of social factors, Russians are less interest in foreign business eve though there are many western companies in Russia, so that it creates the difficult work for HR department when they want to hire efficient labor. Technology factorTechnology is competitive advantage for international business. In Russia, there are fewer technologies to allow customers to easily access to products. All technologies base on the local resources. However, Pepsi use the technology to be the media of their advertising, such as television, and newspaper. Pepsi also adds the technology such as vending machine in their selling instead of using middle man or face-to-face selling. Even though Pepsi want to use the high effective technology, it is useless because the distribution is state-owned and controlled.Analyze Pepsi as a company. In term of marketing process, there are many interesting key points which tote up its performance. 1. Research Pepsi tries to build the Russian organization. Bill Shaddy is the company representative to do the research and analyze internet site including culture, politics, resource and technology, social environment, demography, business, and human behavior. Even though there is anoth er competition as gust that dominates the soft drink market in Russia, Pepsi wants to expand its market, and it is talent for Pepsi. 2.Target customer all genders and ages are the target customers. The middle class is the main target of company that we can see example in India. There are several criteria to analyze its performance which are * Defendable it is competitive in its market because it preserves a great quality because Pepsi technicians happy the partners on quality control, and good service in store and out store. Moreover, it has loyal customers in America that can prove by marketing share. There is only one big company as Coca cola that produces the same product. Accessible Pepsi is dole out out of sidewalk fountain machines, and distribution to many retailers. * Expandable there is an opportunity for selling its products, since there is high demand. Pepsi has a lot of franchises, and also creates the new taste for their products for example, a lemon-flavored soft dr ink in the Soviet market. * Serviceable generally, Pepsi relies on shelf space and positioning, as well as convenience packaging and provides the good service for all customers, but in Russian stores do not struggle on service. Profitable it is profitable because Pepsi has a lot of customers and the cost cut in building like the situation in Russia that Shaddy tries to find the cheapest office. Moreover, Pepsi hires many locals, so it can cut excessive payment. 3. Position the Pepsi captures the code of world(a) business and value. Pepsi reserves the leader in soft drink market in U. S. and try to procure in other regions. 4. Marketing Mix * Price price is reasonable the same price as local soft drink brands. In Russia, suppliers in the same product do not compete on price. Product Good quality soft drink, and convenient package. * Promotion Pepsi uses various channels to farm its product, such as news paper, television commercial, outdoor, kiosk displays, sponsored promotion, and events. * Place Providing in everywhere, especially in American market. 5. Execute to penetrate the existing market by using many promotion, keeping quality, and developing products. From the in a higher place points that make Pepsi achieves its success goal, we can conclude that the Pepsi marketing strategies meet the need of its customers. This situation can be called as touch point.Moreover, Pepsi also uses push and pull of marketing strategy. It advertises in public. This can be called as creating a demand strategy. When people hear or receive information about it, they go to get the product. Moreover, word of mouth is another channel of advertising which is useful for Pepsi. Recommendation As we can see that Pepsi gains market share leadership in U. S. food store sales, but in around European and Asian markets where Coke has higher market share than Pepsi. Therefore, researching in all factors, and developing in those markets should be considered in order to be leadership in soft drink market.In Russia, 1992, there are many problems issued, such as politics, economic system, social factors, technology all we know as PEST. There are some suitable ways to solve those problems as below, Political factor The politics still bases on communist even it changed to democracy system. The polictics influences in business. Pepsi should slow down in its investment due to ad practiceding period of Russian government. Economic factor Considering in international financial institution due to unstable economics in Russia during this period.Social factor Education is the key factor to develop the system. Creating the organize culture to all Pepsis employees to make them to be proud in organization. Training is required to improve productivity. Using reward or bonus sparks employees to increase efficiency. Technology factor Using more technologies offer consumer and business more innovative products and services. The company should hire the specialists to develop pr ograms which support marketing plan, and Human Resource Management. node Relationship Management (CRM) should throw. The specific questions asked by Bill ShaddyAccording to the last paragraph, the writer mentions on the Bill Shaddy question that How to go about finding Russians that could become successful Pepsi people. How would he select them? And how should they be compensated, trained and managed? In my point of view, those questions are related to human resource management on recruitment and alternative process. Shaddy has to consider all factors about Russia, especially social issue such as culture, education, demographics, and then all components should be included into the recruitment process and selection process in order to get the proper(ip) person to the refine melodic phrase effectively.The first crinkle is to identify the job opening as a Sales Manager and a technical Engineering Manager through HR planning based on organizational determine and code of conduc t. Next step is to delicately determine the job verbal description and job specification. This process should be clear and easy to understand. If lacking of candidate-qualifications detail, it is difficult to find the right person due to under qualified applicants. Both a Sales Manager and a Technical Engineering Manager position are in management level thus the minimum view should be significant important qualify to handle the jobs.The other important part of recruitment is that recruiting sources and methods are chosen. There is no single, scoop recruiting technique, and the most appropriate for any given position depends on a number of factors. In this case, Russia is considered to be the communism, old fashion, and technology is not widely utilise, so that Shaddy should invest online recruitment in low proportion of recruitment cost. The method should be considered such as government employment agencies, searching through direct networking from foreign company, and print adve rtising.The reasons why government employment agencies should be used because Russia government plays high role in every activity of Russians. Another reason is talking with local people might make Russians more comfortable, confidence, and feel more reliable. They will not want to work for western companies because of development aspect therefore, using government representative to find the effective people should be concerned. The benefit from using foreign company network is that company can be confident the knowledge and language ability of people who are hired.However, some situation might happen when Shaddy find the right people, but they are working for other companies. In this case, Pepsi should consider investing more money to motivate them to come to be the part of organization. There is another way is printing advertising. This way is the lowest investment, but getting high result. Pepsi has many retailer, outdoor events, and kiosks in Russia. Shaddy should use these cha nnels to post a job advertisement. Many Russian might interest in job advertisement, and directly come to Shaddy.After application recruitment, a pool of qualified recruits is generated. Then, Shaddy should go to the step of selection. First, the people not meeting the essential selection criteria are eliminated first. The remaining are examined and those of them who most closely match the job specifications are identified and consideration. The job positions however require the experience to handle the job. The situation is that there are few Russians with relevant business experience, thus the intensive training program such as oversea training should be provided to them.Second, the leaven should be used for finding the appropriate Russians by testing ability, emotional intelligence, and specific thinking skill. The world-wide values of organization should be included in the test. For example, challenging assumptions to generate new ideas and approaches by situation testing. Next , the most important part of selection before hiring decision is the selection interview. Given people, who are selected, higher valid in prediction job performance, the focus should be on situational and behavioral questions.Shaddy should consider both their aspects and actions when they move the questions. If Shaddy pays attention to all steps of recruitment and selection, Pepsi will get the efficient people to do the jobs. However, when getting the right people, how they should be compensated, trained and managed. The simple idea is that providing effective training programs in term of workout and theory, and these programs have to be analyzed and evaluated. The foreign assignment in the countries, in which PepsiCo succeeded, is helpful for new carriages.There is the need to manage with a workforce and management colleagues whose cultural factors may be dramatically different from their own, and the considerable stress in foreign land can bring to bear on manager position, but they can learn other things from effective organizations in foreign countries so as to apply to use in Russia. The experience is also helping new managers to solve the problems which might be occurred during working. If Shaddy conservatively consider in all above issues, he will hire the proficient Russians to become successful Pepsi people, and significantly contributes to be successful.Zagu Co. BackgroundI. Company Background It took several months of experimentation, product sampling and planning before the first Zagu store was launched in April 0f 1999. Zagu was pioneered by a young enterprising lady with a distributor point in Food Science from University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. To this date, Zagu has blended more than 40 million pearl trills. This is a pretty good number for something that they just call a passing fad. Zagu has bad from a tiny kiosk to a current network of over 290 exits nationwide.Zagu has also gained recognition locally through award s such as the National Consumer Quality Awards and the Parangal ng Bayan Peoples Choice Awards, and internationalistic recognition through our partner in Sydney, Australia. From Its humble beginning to its present success, Zagu has proven that it is not just a passing fad. 85% of their current stores have been occupying the same leased space for more than trinity years. Zagu foods can be found in malls, supermarkets and roadside locations.Behind the success of every Zagu store is the paid management team and dedicated employees committed to putting the customer first and achieving excellence in everything. The company bears the vision of providing fun, deliciously appetizing, uniquely enchanting food and beverage products while maintaining their commitment to uncompromised quality at economical rates with a heartening purpose to cater to societys needs, taste and preferences instead than simply convincing their customers to try and like whatever products they develop.The company s mission is to provide the best quality, reasonably priced products in the Food and Beverage Industry and to continuously generate awareness, interest and desire for their products, resulting in frequent purchases. The objective of the company is to promote, protect and maintain their image at all times. Another is to make indisputable that each employee provides quality products and offer excellent service to all customers. Last is to make sure that all outlets are properly laid out, maintained and profitable.We have chosen Zagu SM Manila outlet to have our study conducted. We would like to make a study regarding the process of making a shake in one of the famous shake store in the Metro Zagu. Standard time selective information are element time standards, from time studies, that have been proven to be accurate and reliable. Analysts classify and filing cabinet element standards so they can be readily abstracted when needed. The application of standard time entropy is fundame ntally an extension of the same process used to arrive at allowed times through a stopwatch time study.Standard data can have several levels of refinement motion, element, and task. The more exquisite the standard data element, the roader the range of usage. Standard Data are compiled from different elements in time studies of a given process over a period of time. Time Study is a technique for establishing an allowed time standard for performing a given task. This technique is based on measuring the work center of the prescribed method.